Accounting
Anthropology
Archaeology
Art History
Banking
Biology & Life Science
Business
Business Communication
Business Development
Business Ethics
Business Law
Chemistry
Communication
Computer Science
Counseling
Criminal Law
Curriculum & Instruction
Design
Earth Science
Economic
Education
Engineering
Finance
History & Theory
Humanities
Human Resource
International Business
Investments & Securities
Journalism
Law
Management
Marketing
Medicine
Medicine & Health Science
Nursing
Philosophy
Physic
Psychology
Real Estate
Science
Social Science
Sociology
Special Education
Speech
Visual Arts
Counseling
Q:
Donald Meichenbaum's cognitive behavior modification shares with REBT and Beck's cognitive therapy the assumption that distressing emotions are often the result of maladaptive thoughts.a. Trueb. False
Q:
Resolution of sexual conflicts and sex-role identity is a critical function of the:
a. oral stage.
b. anal stage.
c. phallic stage.
d. genital stage.
Q:
Strengthsbased CBT is a variant of Albert Ellis' REBT.a. True b. False
Q:
Cognitive behavioral group therapy stresses the importance of homework outside of the therapy session. a. Trueb. False
Q:
Attributing to others the qualities or traits that are unacceptable to our own ego is best described as:
a. displacement.
b. introjection.
c. reaction formation.
d. projection.
e. none of these.
Q:
The ego defense mechanism in which a person exhibits behavior that clearly shows signs of reverting to less mature stages is ________?
a. fixation
b. rationalization
c. regression
d. introjection
e. reaction formation
Q:
One of the most important Freudian concepts, which consists of pushing unacceptable life events and painful feelings into the unconscious, is:
a. repression.
b. regression.
c. displacement.
d. rationalization.
e. projection.
Q:
Bibliotherapeutic approaches have empirical support for the treatment of depression, for a variety of anxiety disorders, and for a range of clinical problems.a. True b. False
Q:
A person who unconsciously exhibits overly nice behavior to conceal hostile feelings is probably using which ego defense?
a. displacement
b. reaction formation
c. introjection
d. projection
e. regression
Q:
Ellis claims that his methods are applicable to individual therapy but that his approach does not work well in group therapy.a. True b. False
Q:
Evidence suggesting the concept of the unconscious includes:
a. dreams.
b. post-hypnotic suggestions.
c. free-association.
d. all of these.
e. direct observation based on experimental research.
Q:
Like cognitive therapy, strengths-based CBT is empirically based. a. Trueb. False
Q:
The American Counseling Association uses the term "nonprofessional relationships" when referring to dual or multiple relationships.
Q:
The cognitive distortion that involves portraying one's identity on the basis of imperfections and mistakes made in the past and allowing them to define one's true identity is:a. labeling and mislabeling. b. overgeneralization.c. arbitrary inferences. d. personalization.
Q:
Becoming an ethical practitioner is not a final destination but a journey that will continue throughout your career.
Q:
The tendency for individuals to relate external events to themselves, even when there is no basis for making this connection, is known as:a. labeling and mislabeling. b. overgeneralization.c. arbitrary inferences. d. personalization.
Q:
The process of holding extreme beliefs on the basis of a single incident and applying them inappropriately to dissimilar events or settings is known as:a. labeling and mislabeling. b. overgeneralization.c. arbitrary inferences. d. selective abstraction.
Q:
A boundary crossing could potentially benefit a client.
Q:
If you are successful in establishing boundaries in various aspects of your personal life, you have a good foundation for creating sound boundaries with clients.
Q:
The cognitive distortion that consists of forming conclusions based on an isolated detail of an event is:a. labeling and mislabeling. b. overgeneralization.c. arbitrary inferences. d. selective abstraction.
Q:
The cognitive distortion of making conclusions without supporting and relevant evidence is:a. labeling and mislabeling. b. overgeneralization.c. arbitrary inferences. d. selective abstraction.
Q:
Multiple relationship issues can be resolved with ethics codes alone.
Q:
Beck's cognitive therapy has been most widely applied to the treatment of:a. stress symptoms. b. anxiety reactions. c. phobias.d. depression.
Q:
The ethics codes mandate avoidance of all dual or multiple relationships.
Q:
The only setting in which one might be forced to manage multiple roles is in community mental health centers.
Q:
The type of cognitive error that involves thinking and interpreting in all-or-nothing terms, or in categorizing experiences in either/or extremes, is known as:a. magnification and exaggeration. b. polarized thinking.c. arbitrary inference.d. overgeneralization.
Q:
In cognitive therapy, techniques are designed to:a. assist clients in substituting rational beliefs for irrational beliefs. b. help clients experience their feelings more intensely.c. assist individuals to dispel self-defeating cognitions and to teach people how to acquire a rational approach to living.d. enable clients to deal with their existential loneliness.
Q:
Practice-based evidence involves using data generated during treatment to inform the process and outcome of treatment.
Q:
One strength of cognitive behavioral therapy group counseling is that:a. clients learn to minimize symptoms through a profound change in philosophy. b. clients can remain relatively emotionally disengaged.c. leaders take a non-directive stance.d. leaders believe that insight is necessary for behavior change.
Q:
Evidence-based practice is a potent force in psychotherapeutic practice today, and it may mandate the types of treatments therapists can offer in the future.
Q:
Clinicians who work in community mental health agencies, private practice, and other human service settings are generally expected to assess client problems within the framework of the National Association of Social Workers' Diagnostic and Assessment Protocol Manual (3rd ed.)
Q:
Stress inoculation training consists of all of the following except:a. behavioral rehearsals. b. self-monitoring.c. cognitive restructuring.d. tapping into the unconscious realm.
Q:
In Meichenbaum's cognitive behavior modification, what is given primary importance?a. Using emotive techniques b. Collaborative empiricism c. Automatic thoughtsd. Inner speech
Q:
A diagnosis provides a working hypothesis that guides the practitioner in understanding the client.
Q:
Overemphasizing cultural differences is always appropriate in a counseling context.
Q:
______are integrated into each phase of treatment in strengths-based CBT beginning with the intake interview.a. Strengthsb. Weaknessesc. Client beliefsd. Client concerns
Q:
Which of the following is notpart of the five-step treatment procedure used in a coping skills program?a. Exposing clients to anxiety-provoking situations by means of role playing and imageryb. Evaluating the anxiety level of the client by using both physiological and psychological testsc. Teaching clients to become aware of the anxiety-provoking cognitions they experience in stressful situations d. Helping clients examine their thoughts by reevaluating their self-statements
Q:
Contemporary therapy approaches are grounded on a core set of values, which are neither value-neutral nor applicable to all cultures.
Q:
Confidentiality can be considered an absolute.
Q:
It is optional for therapists to inform their clients that they may discuss certain details of the relationship with a supervisor or a colleague.
Q:
All of the following are true as they apply to self-instructional training, exceptthat:
a. it was developed by Meichenbaum.
b. it is a form of cognitive restructuring.
c. it is an outgrowth of an approach used widely by crisis intervention workers called self-induced change therapy.
d. it is also known as cognitive behavior modification.
Q:
Which REBT technique involves having the client do the very thing they avoid because of "what people might think?"
a. Role playing
b. Desensitization
c. Cognitive homework
d. Shame-attacking exercises
Q:
__________________ is the view of ethical practice that deals with the minimum level of professional practice.
a. Mandatory ethics
b. Minimal ethics
c. Positive ethics
d. Aspirational ethics
Q:
Evidenced-based practices are not:
a. based on psychodynamic principles.
b. tailored to address specific problems and symptoms.
c. founded on empirical research.
d. generally time limited.
Q:
Which of the following is not true about role playing in REBT?a. It is a way of surfacing unfinished business. b. It involves emotional components.c. It involves behavioral components. d. It helps reveal irrational beliefs.
Q:
The REBT technique that involves having clients vividly imagine one of the worst things that might happen to them and to describe their disturbing feelings is called:a. cognitive homework.b. disputing irrational beliefs. c. role playing.d. rational-emotive imagery.
Q:
Assessment is a useful method of:
a. evaluating a client's current level of functioning.
b. forming a case conceptualization.
c. involving the client as an active participant in treatment.
d. gaining insight into the client's subjective world.
e. all of these.
Q:
All of the following are theoretical assumptions of Beck's CT, except:
a. people's thought processes are accessible to introspection.
b. people's beliefs have highly personal meanings.
c. people must re-experience the past and process their feelings before change can happen.
d. people can discover these meanings themselves rather than being taught or having them interpreted by the therapist.
Q:
Which of the following REBT techniques helps a client become increasingly proficient at minimizing irrational thinking and disturbances in feeling and behaving?
a. Biofeedback
b. Homework
c. Dream analysis
d. Skill training
Q:
During her sessions, Justine questions whether she is trying to meet her clients' needs or her own needs. Justine is:
a. being overly analytical.
b. engaging in meaningful self-reflection and self-assessment as a professional.
c. self-absorbed and insecure.
d. behaving unethically since she is preoccupied during her clients' sessions.
Q:
According to the text, positive ethics is a practice in which counselors:a. do what is mandated by professional standards.b. base their ethical decisions on what is best for their clients rather than minimum standards of care.c. strive for the highest level of ethical practice.d. strictly adhere to lengthy ethics codes, even if this is not in the client's best interest.
Q:
Marcus, a therapist in a community agency, recently divorced his wife and seems to be harboring anger towards women in general. His colleagues, who have noticed a change in his attitude and behavior lately, have encouraged him to seek personal counseling to work through his issues. They are:
a. overreacting to his anger and are overstepping the boundaries by suggesting he go to counseling.
b. unwise to suggest counseling since he will not benefit from it because he is a therapist and already knows how to deal with his problems.
c. acting ethically by recommending counseling for Marcus; as counselors, they recognize that personal issues that have not been worked through are likely to be projected onto clients.
d. being unsupportive colleagues; since they are aware of his situation, they should offer to provide counseling to him and not refer him to a professional outside of the agency.
Q:
Strengths-based CBT practitioners ask clients for________to describe their experiences, both positive and negative.a. imagery and dreamsb. imagery and metaphors c. dreams and metaphors d. metaphors and insight
Q:
Strengths-based CBT therapists:a. help clients with unresolved issues of the past.b. attempt to reveal inadequate ego-defense mechanisms.c. are collaborative, active, here-and-now focused, and client-centered. d. are behaviorists and less active than most cognitive therapists.
Q:
Both feminist therapists and postmodern therapists tend to view diagnosis as it is traditionally done:
a. as an appropriate part of counseling sessions.
b. as generally helpful to women clients.
c. as an essential part of the medical model they follow.
d. as often oppressive and ignoring of societal contexts.
Q:
Clients have a right to be informed about:
a. their therapist's qualifications.
b. the general goals of counseling.
c. the approximate length of the therapeutic process.
d. all of these
Q:
According to Ellis, emotional disturbances often result from:a. taking oneself too seriously.b. living by the values our parents gave us. c. refusing to deal with unfinished business. d. having learned maladaptive behaviors.
Q:
Which of the following is notone of the three phases of Meichenbaum's stress inoculation program?a. The application and follow-through phase b. The conceptual-educational phasec. The skills acquisition and consolidation phase d. The therapeutic role modeling phase
Q:
Under what circumstances should a therapist consult with colleagues or specialists?
a. when a client complains of physical symptoms
b. when facing an ethical problem
c. when working with a client for an extended period of time and losing objectivity
d. all of these
Q:
In the strengths-based CBT four step model to build resilience, a key to the fourth stage of therapy is that the client:
a. sets a goal to "be resilient in the face of challenges."
b. avoids exploring possible high-risk stressful situations.
c. learns that a lapse in willpower will have catastrophic results.
d. will undergo hypnosis.
Q:
Which of the following statements is not true about guidelines for ethical practice in counseling and psychotherapy?
a. Most professional organizations provide broad guidelines.
b. Therapists ultimately have to discover their own guidelines for reasonable practice.
c. Practitioners are free to formulate any ethics they choose.
d. Ethical issues should be periodically reexamined throughout your professional life.
e. There are differences of opinion among practitioners about how ethical guidelines apply to certain situations.
Q:
Confidentiality must be breached and information must be reported by practitioners when:
a. clients pose a danger to others.
b. a child under the age of 16 is the victim of incest, rape, or child abuse.
c. an older adult is being abused.
d. the therapist determines that the client needs immediate, involuntary hospitalization.
e. all of these
Q:
Beck's cognitive therapy involves all of the concepts below except:a. negative cognitive triad. b. generic cognitive model. c. collaborative empiricism. d. lifestyle assessment.
Q:
A feature of REBT that distinguishes it from other cognitive-behavioral therapies is its:a. use of the A-B-C theory in analyzing the client. b. use of behavioral techniques.c. applicability to group work.d. process to identify and dispute irrational beliefs that have been acquired and self-constructed and are now maintained by self-indoctrination.
Q:
Privileged communication does not apply to
a. group counseling
b. couples counseling
c. family therapy
d. child and adolescent therapy
e. all of these.
Q:
Many ethical codes state that dual or multiple relationships:
a. should be avoided whenever possible.
b. are clearly grounds for revocation of one's professional license.
c. are helpful in case of counseling one's friends or relatives.
d. are impossible to avoid.
e. always result in serious harm to the client.
Q:
Who embraces a cognitive narrative perspective on CBT?a. Albert Ellisb. Donald Meichenbaumc. A. T. Beckd. Judith Beck
Q:
The role of the client in rational emotive behavior therapy is like that of a:a. cotherapist.b. passive observer. c. student or learner. d. partner.
Q:
In strengths-based CBT,_______identified in early therapy sessions can provide a wealth of information to help therapist and client collaboratively integrate strengths into case conceptualization and treatment. a. positive interests and weaknessesb. obstacles and positive interests c. negative interests and strengths d. positive interests and strengths
Q:
According to the text, the challenge of providing informed consent consists of:
a. telling clients about the nature of confidentiality.
b. striking a balance between giving clients too much and too little information about the therapeutic process.
c. convincing clients that counselors know what they are doing.
d. teaching clients about state laws that pertain to counseling.
e. getting clients to read the ethical codes of the profession.
Q:
In becoming an ethical practitioner, a crucial task is to:
a. learn how to arrive at clear-cut answers for difficult situations.
b. identify a specific ethical code as the source of answers to ethical dilemmas.
c. learn how to interpret and apply ethical codes to an ethical dilemma.
d. avoid making any mistakes in counseling practice.
e. discover the correct solution for every ethical dilemma that might arise.
Q:
The main function of the rational emotive behavior therapist is to:a. become an "existential partner" with the client.b. create a climate of safety and freedom from threat.c. reveal irrational disputes, and help clients change their thinking and philosophy of life. d. encourage the client to experience fully the here-and-now.
Q:
The main therapeutic goal of REBT is to:
a. minimize clients' emotional disturbances and selfdefeating behaviors.
b. make the unconscious conscious.
c. assist the client in becoming aware of his or her "beingintheworld."
d. challenge the client in making both a value judgment and moral decision about the quality of his or her behavior.
Q:
Ideally, our self-care should mirror the care we provide for others.
Q:
The main idea of__________is that active incorporation of client strengths encourages clients to engage more fully in therapy and often provides avenues for change that otherwise would be missed. a. cognitive therapyb. strengthsbased CBTc. Gestalt therapyd. existential therapy
Q:
The skill of immediacy involves revealing what we are thinking or feeling in the here and now with the client.
Q:
Which of the following statements does notreflect one of Ellis's three basic musts?a. "I must do well and be loved and approved by others."b. "Other people must treat me fairly, kindly, and well."c. "I must be kind to others or else I won"t be a good person."d. "The world and my living conditions must be comfortable, gratifying, and just, providing me with all that I want in life."
Q:
Practitioners must have had the same experiences as their clients in order to have empathy for them.
Q:
Counselors from all cultural groups must examine their expectations, attitudes, biases, and assumptions about the counseling process and about persons from diverse groups.
Q:
The four steps of the strengths-based CBT application of the NEW paradigm for chronic issues and personality disorders include all of the following, except:a. conceptualize the OLD system of operating and help clients understand they do things "for good reasons."b. construct NEW systems of how clients would like to be.c. strengthen the NEW using behavioral experiments to try on NEW ways of being and edit them as needed. d. strength training.