Q&A Hero

Q: Reality therapists use punishment as a way to help clients follow through with their plans and commitments. a. Trueb. False

Q: Dr. Kane pointed out to her client John that his feelings of inadequacy at work seem reminiscent of the feelings he experienced in his family of origin. It is probable that Dr. Kane: a. was crossing theoretical boundaries by referring to John's past. b. was looking for continuity by paying attention to themes running through John's life. c. was trying to get John to tap into the unconscious realm by having him explore painful memories related to his family of origin. d. was hoping her intervention would promote transference, which could then be worked through.

Q: Reality therapists refuse to accept excuses. a. Trueb. False

Q: According to Adlerians, inferiority feelings: a. are pathological. b. lead to depression. c. keep us from achieving our life goals. d. are directly related to our family constellation. e. create motivation to achieve mastery.

Q: The psychoanalytic approach provides practitioners with a framework for understanding the origins and functions of symptoms.

Q: Commitment puts the responsibility directly on clients for changing. a. Trueb. False

Q: In psychodynamic group work, symbolic figures from a client's past may emerge.

Q: The first step in the process of reality therapy consists of a comprehensive assessment leading to a specific diagnosis.a. True b. False

Q: The working-through process consists of repetitive and elaborate explorations of unconscious material and defenses, most of which originated in early childhood.

Q: The core of reality therapy is developing a plan for change as a way of translating talk into action. a. Trueb. False

Q: Reality therapy sees transference as a way for the therapist to avoid getting personally involved in the clients' lives.a. True b. False

Q: Psychodynamic group leaders do not interpret their client's transferences.

Q: Reality therapists ask clients to take a hard look at whether their current actions are working for them. a. Trueb. False

Q: Brief psychodynamic therapists tend to assume an active role in the therapy process.

Q: Brief psychodynamic therapies target specific interpersonal problems during the initial session.

Q: Glasser took the position that schools needed to be structured in ways to help students achieve a success identity as opposed to a failure identity.a. True b. False

Q: Reality therapists see therapeutic value in working with a client's dreams.a. True b. False

Q: The relational model of psychoanalysis downplays the role of countertransference.

Q: The relational model of psychoanalysis regards transference as an interactive process between the client and therapist.

Q: One of the procedures of reality therapy is to work through unfinished business from the past. a. Trueb. False

Q: Psychoanalysis provides therapists with a conceptual framework for looking at behavior and understanding the origins and functions of present symptoms.

Q: Most recently, reality therapy has been applied to management and supervision, coaching, family therapy, and parenting. It is now taught and embedded in every continent except Antarctica.a. True b. False

Q: Glasser believes the need to love and to belong are secondary needs.a. True b. False

Q: The analysis of transference is a central technique in psychoanalysis.

Q: Resistance, in the analytic view, results from either a conscious unwillingness on the part of the client to cooperate, or from the ineptness of the therapist in developing a sound therapeutic program.

Q: Reality therapy cautions against the therapist mentoring the client. a. Trueb. False

Q: Reality therapy is not well-suited to group counseling. a. Trueb. False

Q: Clients in analytic therapy typically free associate to various symbols in their dreams.

Q: Analytically oriented therapists typically interpret free associations, dreams, resistances, and transferences.

Q: Reality therapists believe in a generational basis for mental illness. a. Trueb. False

Q: The practice of reality therapy can best be conceptualized as the:a. history of therapy.b. past processing theory.c. roadmap to theory.d. cycle of counseling.

Q: Free association is one of the basic tools used to gain access to the unconscious.

Q: Reality therapy is often considered as a:a. long in-depth process. b. mentoring process.c. symptom focusing theory. d. past processing theory.

Q: All analytically oriented therapists subscribe to the model of the "anonymous therapist" or the "blank screen" as a necessary way to foster transference.

Q: Analytic therapists view transference as a factor that results from ineffective intervention on the therapist's part.

Q: A primary goal of contemporary reality therapy is to:a. help clients become more voluntarily acceptable. b. supply the basic human needs.c. help clients get connected or reconnected with the people they have chosen to put in their quality world. d. create goals.

Q: Focusing on the______"protects" clients from facing the reality of unsatisfying present relationships, and focusing on symptoms does the same thing. a. pastb. presentc. futured. therapist

Q: The Oedipal complex and the Electra complex are associated with the genital stage of development.

Q: The latency stage occurs between the ages of 5 to 12.

Q: Glasser contends that_______is a way that both therapist and client avoid being who they are and owning what they are doing right now.a. responsibilityb. questioningc. transferenced. choice

Q: According to Glasser, many of the problems of clients are caused by:a. unfinished business with parents. b. sibling rivalry.c. early childhood trauma.d. their inability to connect or to have a satisfying relationship with at least one of the significant people in their lives.

Q: The phallic stage typically occurs during the ages of 1 to 3.

Q: In working with Japanese clients, a reality therapist might do which of the following when asking clients to make plans and commit to them? a. The therapist might be likely to accept "I"ll try" as a firm commitment. b. The therapist would push clients for an explicit pledge to follow through. c. The therapist would view a noncommittal response as a sign of weakness. d. The therapist would refer their clients if they refused to commit to a plan.

Q: According to Freudians, greediness and hoarding may develop as a result of not getting oral needs properly met.

Q: _________provides a delivery system for helping individuals take more effective control of their lives. a. Group counselingb. The WDEP system c. Assessment theory d. Reality therapy

Q: During the anal stage, children typically experience a range of negative feelings, including rage, hate, and hostility.

Q: All of the following are key characteristics of contemporary reality therapy except for:a. there is a focus on talking about symptoms that bring a client into therapy. b. emphasis is on choice and responsibility.c. there is a rejection of the notion of transference. d. keep the therapy in the present.

Q: In a reality therapy group, the leader:a. is responsible for evaluating the clients' behaviors.b. performs an assessment to determine if the client is truly getting what he or she wants in life. c. withholds feedback when members are designing their plans.d. may encounter resistance if they make poorly timed suggestions and plans for how the members should best live.

Q: The major developmental task of the anal stage is acquiring a sense of trust.

Q: Freud postulated the theory of infantile sexuality.

Q: Ego-defense mechanisms, by their very nature, imply psychopathology.

Q: Choice theory changes the focus of responsibility to:a. selfhelp procedures.b. the use of humor.c. homework assignments.d. choice and choosing.

Q: All of the following are procedures that are commonly used in reality therapy except:a. exploring wants, needs, and perceptions. b. exploring early recollections.c. focusing on the present.d. planning and commitment.

Q: According to Freud, consciousness constitutes the largest part of one's psychological functioning.

Q: Freud postulated the concepts of both life instincts and death instincts.

Q: A limitation of this approach as it applies to multicultural counseling is that:a. the power of the past and the effect of traumatic experiences in early childhood. b. this therapy provides specific tools to help clients make the changes they desire. c. the concept of the quality world is abstract and lacks cross-cultural appeal.d. reality therapists must be careful when adapting their approach to non-western cultures.

Q: Traditional analytic therapists make more frequent interpretations of transferences and engage in fewer supportive interventions than is the case with psychodynamic therapists.

Q: The core of choice theory/reality therapy consists of:a. teaching clients how to acquire rational beliefs instead of irrational beliefs. b. helping clients to understand their unconscious dynamics.c. giving clients opportunities to express unresolved feelings.d. the client's selfevaluation, plan of action, and commitment to follow through.

Q: The id is related to the concept of libido.

Q: Glasser challenges the traditionally accepted views of mental illness and treatment by the use of medication, especially:a. the widespread use of psychiatric drugs that often results in negative side effects both physically and psychologically.b. the lack of use of psychiatric drugs.c. the use of any psychiatric drugs whether or not they result in negative side effects. d. because medications are never needed.

Q: The Freudian view of human nature is deterministic.

Q: Reality therapy rests on the central idea that:a. thinking largely determines how we feel and behave.b. we choose our behavior and are responsible for what we do, think, and feel. c. environmental factors largely control what we are doing.d. the way to change dysfunctional behavior is to reexperience a situation in which we originally became psychologically stuck.

Q: Which of the following is (are) a contribution of choice theory/reality therapy?a. It helps clients deal emotionally with unfinished business from their past. b. It provides insight into the causes of one's problems.c. It is relatively short-term focused on dealing with conscious behavioral problems. d. Most of its concepts have been subjected to empirical testing.

Q: The ego is the original structure of personality.

Q: Which of the following is not typically a standard psychoanalytic technique? a. free association b. interpretation c. exploration of one's position in the family d. exploration of patterns of resistance e. analysis of transference

Q: The role of meaningful relationships in fostering emotional health is receiving increased attention in:a. WDEP.b. contemporary reality therapy. c. value judgment.d. behavioral therapy.

Q: In reality therapy, the purpose of developing an action plan is to:a. encourage clients to stretch beyond their limits. b. teach clients to "think big."c. arrange for successful experience.d. arrive at the ultimate solution to a client's problem.

Q: In psychoanalytic therapy, how do clients work with their dreams? a. They report their dreams and are encouraged to free associate to the elements of the dream. b. They look for mystical meanings underlying the dream. c. They "become" each part of their dream and act out these parts in fantasy. d. They look to their dreams as signs of prediction of the future.

Q: The techniques of psychoanalytic therapy are aimed at: a. gaining insights into the client's behavior. b. helping clients to resolve their competitive strivings with their siblings. c. teaching people social skills such as assertive behavior. d. helping clients see how their thinking leads to certain emotional and behavioral patterns.

Q: When reality therapists explore a client's past, they tend to focus on:a. relationships within the family. b. early traumatic events.c. problems in school performance. d. past successes.

Q: As a result of the client/therapist relationship in psychoanalytic therapy: a. clients acquire insights into their own unconscious psychodynamics. b. clients are better able to understand the association between their past experiences and their current behavior. c. awareness is increased on the client's part. d. all of these

Q: A reality therapist will primarily focus on: a. past behavior. b. present behavior. c. feelings. d. thoughts.

Q: _____teaches that all behavior is made up of four inseparable but distinct components " acting, thinking,feeling, and physiology. a. Total behaviorb. Quality worldc. Picture albumd. Birth and death

Q: Analytic therapy is oriented toward: a. achieving insight. b. identifying and experiencing feelings and memories. c. developing an in-depth self-understanding. d. reconstructing childhood experiences. e. all of these

Q: It is of paramount importance that therapists develop some level of objectivity and not react defensively and subjectively in the face of: a. anger. b. love. c. adulation. d. criticism. e. all of these.

Q: What do reality therapists believe about the use of questions? a. They should rarely be used. b. Relevant questions help clients gain insights and arrive at plans and solutions. c. There is no such thing as excessive questioning; the more the better! d. Closed questions are more helpful than open-ended questions.

Q: A person with a __________ personality disorder is characterized by instability, irritability, self-destructive acts, impulsive anger, and extreme mood shifts. This person is lacking a clear sense of identity, has poor impulse control, and an inability to tolerate anxiety. a. narcissistic b. dependent c. borderline d. obsessive-compulsive

Q: In our quality world we develop an inner: a. total behavior. b. freedom. c. picture album. d. power.

Q: All of the following are true about planning and commitment in reality therapy, except:a. clients make a commitment to carry out their plans.b. commitment is not an all-or-nothing matter.c. a great deal of time is spent on this step of reality therapy.d. it is up to clients to determine how to take their plans from therapy into their everyday world.

Q: Individuals who display exhibitionistic traits, seek attention and admiration from others, and are extremely self-absorbed might have which of the following personality disorders? a. narcissistic b. dependent c. borderline d. obsessive-compulsive