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Question
_______________ discrimination is the indirect result of policies or practices that are not intended to discriminate but do, in fact, discriminate.a. De facto
b. By-product
c. Reverse
d. Circumlocutory
Answer
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Related questions
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Traditionally, in the United States, the creation of laws and the power to enforce them have been matters for the federal government, not the states.
a. True
b. False
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The U.S. Department of Defense is the primary legal and prosecutorial arm of the U.S. government.
a. True
b. False
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The FBI is the national police force of the United States.
a. True
b. False
Q:
How did the turbulent times of the 1960s and the early 1970s affect American policing?
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Identify at least four persons throughout history who had a significant influence on the development and shape of 20th-century American policing, and list some of their accomplishments.
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The first specialized investigative unit in Rome was called __________, which means "trackers of murder."
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The form of social organization or mutual pledge created by King Alfred the Great in England that consisted of 10 families grouped together to protect one another and assume responsibility for the acts of the group's members was called a
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__________ was a form of societal control where citizens grouped together to protect each other.
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In 1991, what Los Angeles incident inflamed police"community relations?
a. Charles Manson's arrest
b. the L.A. shootout
c. reinstatement of the death penalty
d. Rodney King beating
Q:
The most turbulent eras for American policing were the:
a. 1920s and 1930s.
b. 1940s and 1950s.
c. 1960s and 1970s.
d. 1980s and 1990s.
Q:
Which U.S. Supreme Court case defined the constitutional right to counsel at police interrogation?
a. Mapp v. Ohio
b. Miranda v. Arizona
c. Escobedo v. Illinois
d. Brown v. Mississippi
Q:
Who is noted for developing modern management and administrative techniques for policing?
a. James Q. Wilson
b. Richard Sylvester
c. O. W. Wilson
d. Patrick V. Murphy
Q:
In 1929, President Herbert Hoover created the National Commission on Law Observance and Enforcement. This commission was known as the:
a. Wickersham Commission.
b. Kefauver Commission.
c. Crime Commission.
d. Kerner Commission.
Q:
What legislation became law in 1920 and established National Prohibition?
a. Olmstead Act
b. Homestead Act
c. Volstead Act
d. Federal Judiciary Act of 1789
Q:
The members of the military appointed by Roman Emperor Augustus to protect the palace and the emperor were called the:
a. Royal Guard.
b. Praetorian Guard.
c. Roman Guard.
d. Praefectus Urbi.
Q:
The system of mutual pledge was employed as a strategy for maintaining stability in England and providing a method for people living in villages to protect one another.
a. True
b. False
Q:
The Kansas City study demonstrated that adding or taking away police patrols from an area made no difference within the community.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Investigations in which investigators provide opportunities for officers to commit illegal acts are called __________ or __________.
Q:
__________ is the process by which the actions of the police in such areas as arrests, search and seizure, and custodial interrogation are reviewed by the court system to ensure their constitutionality.
Q:
The code of silence is often referred to as the blue curtain or:
a. red curtain.
b. blue shop.
c. blue veil.
d. blue sky.
Q:
Which of the following is not an argument in favor of citizen review?
a. It improves public trust and confidence in law enforcement.
b. A citizen review board can monitor and review departmental policies that lead to citizen complaints.
c. It will make police officers more aggressive in enforcing the law.
d. A citizen review board can provide an independent evaluation of citizen complaints.
Q:
Which of the following has been proposed as a solution to police brutality?
a. improved training
b. better screening of applicants
c. citizen review
d. all of these choices
Q:
What name is used for the loyalty test given to rookie officers by the training, and other officers?
a. Mama Rosa's test
b. Miami test
c. B-Pad test
d. Junction Boy test
Q:
Reasonable suspicion is the standard of proof a police officer needs to make an arrest.
a. True
b. False
Q:
Identify and cite five cases involving the police and custodial interrogation. Describe how these cases led to the current custodial interrogation rules in the United States.
Q:
The questioning of a person in police custody regarding his or her participation in a crime is called _____.
Q:
Arrests can be made with or without a .
Q:
The _____________ is an interpretation of the Fourteenth Amendment by the U.S. Supreme Court that holds that evidence seized in violation of the U.S. Constitution cannot be used in court against a defendant.
Q:
This U.S. Supreme Court decision said "a compelled physical intrusion beneath (the) skin and into (the) veins to obtain a sample of . . . blood for use as evidence in a criminal investigation" was "an invasion of bodily integrity."
a. Winston v. Lee
b. Missouri v. McNeely
c. Stoval v. Denno
d. United States v. Ash
Q:
Which of the following has the Supreme Court not recognized as an exigent circumstance?
a. preventing an escape
b. rendering immediate aid to a person in need of assistance
c. checking an identity
d. preventing destruction of evidence